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† Criminal InJustice is a weekly series devoted to taking action against inequities in the U.S. criminal justice system. Nancy A. Heitzeg, Professor of Sociology and Race/Ethnicity, is the Editor of CI. Kay Whitlock, co-author of Queer (In)Justice, is contributing editor of CI. Criminal Injustice is published every Wednesday at 6 pm.
Albert Woodfox Speaks to the Experts
Editors Note: The essay featured below, Albert Woodfox Speaks to theExperts, from the Why Am I Not Suprised? blog is reprinted in full with permission of the author and Angola 3 News. Now 42 years since Albert was first put in solitary, Amnesty International has renewed its call for Albert’s immediate release (view Amnesty’s recent statement and essay). If you have not yet done so, please sign the Amnesty petition today.
This past weekend, I visited Albert Woodfox for the umpteenth time in the last five years. All but one of the visits have been at the David Wade Correctional Center in Homer, Louisiana, five hours from where I live. At the beginning, it was a grueling trip because I wasn’t used to it and I have to go up on Saturday and come back the following day for a total of ten hours behind the wheel in one weekend. Sometimes it rains and once, it poured all the way up and all the way back.
I know I could take someone else along, but visiting somebody that’s been in solitary confinement for what has now been forty-two years is emotionally draining and I don’t want to have to be nicer than I really am for two solid days when I’ve been visiting people in prison since 1971 and every visit eats my lunch.
So I load up on coffee and listen to music or audio books and, over time, I’ve gotten used to the trip. But I’ll never get used to the visits and all the fol-de-rol they put us through just because they can.
Originally, the “rules” allowed us to have two 4-hour visits in a weekend because I live so far away. Though Albert was shackled when he left his cell, the shackles were removed when he got to the visiting room and our visits were conducted sitting at a table where we could eat vending machine food and drink sodas or water. And on holidays, I could purchase a cake at the front door for us to share. The “rules” allowed us to hug at the beginning and at the end of each visit and, on one occasion, the “rules” even allowed us to have a bunch of photos taken, one of which can be seen above.
The most interesting thing about prisons, however, is that the “rules” change all the time, especially for individuals who ostensibly deserve extra punishment for whatever reason. I’m not talking about a prisoner who breaks a rule and goes through a due process that is the same for everyone. I’m talking about a prisoner — like Albert Woodfox — who has been continually tormented for more than forty years because he was one of three men who organized a Black Panther Party chapter in Angola Penitentiary back in the early 1970’s and has now become an international icon of resistance to oppression. Oh, yes. And let’s not forget all the legal suits he’s won and the legal precedents he has set during all those years.
Anyway, the “rules” keep changing for our visits. First, the visits went from four hours to three hours and then they went down to two hours each. So instead of driving ten hours to get eight hours of visiting time, I now drive ten hours to get two 2-hour visits. But it gets worse.
The “rules” now require that Albert has to wear the shackles for the entire time we’re visiting (with his hands chained to his waist and his feet shackled to the floor despite the fact that there are anywhere from one to four guards in the room with him the whole time). The “rules” also mandate a glass window between us now and a heavy mesh we must speak through. We can see each other clearly through the glass, but if I want to hear halfway well, I have to give that up, lean down until my head is almost on the counter and peep through the mesh. We get no hugs and he gets no food or soda, so I don’t feel like having anything either.
On top of everything else, until he took them to court and won an injunction to prevent them from doing so, the “rules” suddenly demanded that he be strip-searched and anally probed every time he left his cell for the past year or so. And the pat downs I receive at the front desk have gone from being peremptory to being foreplay.
I know I’m not the only one that goes through this. Albert has regular visits from a number of folks. But I want you to get a feeling for the ugliness of this situation and its arbitrary nature. Are you with me so far? Because now that I’ve set the stage, I want you to imagine you were sitting there next to me this weekend, looking through the glass, listening through the mesh to a man who knows he may be forced to endure this treatment for the rest of his life. In particular, he chose to relate — and I have recreated here from memory — what he said to a psychiatrist who is helping the Department of Corrections build their case in defense of long-term solitary confinement.
Albert Woodfox speaks: “When I look back to some of the things I did as a youth learning how to survive from the Sixth Ward Highsteppers in New Orleans, I realize that society was teaching me to be an enemy of the poor, the ignorant, and even my own people. I feel bad about some of the things I did back then. And sometimes I wonder what I would have become if none of this had happened the way it did.
“But being introduced to the Black Panther Party in jail in New York City gave me an alternate option to survival. It changed the game. The Black Panthers were the first Black people I ever saw who were not afraid. Watching them, talking to them, learning
from them changed my life forever. It was the first time I ever heard a voice louder than the voice of the street. And when I came back to Louisiana and went to Angola, the Black Panther Party’s Ten Point Plan came with me.
“The Ten Point Plan was about self-determination, taking responsibility for your decision-making, for your life, for your community, and I began to see that I could make a difference in the world. I wanted to do that and I was on fire. I was every kind of radical and absolutely convinced that major social changes in America were right around the corner.
“When Brent Miller was murdered and they rounded up [Herman Wallace] and me and put us in the hole, it never crossed my mind that I would spend the next four decades locked up 23 hours a day in an 8′ by 10′ cell. It didn’t even occur to me that we would be convicted. We were innocent! I was positive that the people — our brothers and sisters outside — would rise up and organize and keep us from being railroaded.
“Then, when they were taking us out to be arraigned, one of Brent Miller’s brothers came tearing up the road in a truck, skidded to a stop near the van we were in and jumped out with a pump shotgun, screaming, ‘Where are those niggers? Let me at ’em! I’m gonna kill those sons o’ bitches!’ Suddenly, it was serious. In that moment, the realization that our lives were at stake and the law might not protect us flooded over me.
“Now, all these years later, the hearing on the civil case related to our long-term solitary confinement is approaching. So they sent this psychiatrist to question me. What he was doing, of course, was to try to get me to say that forty years in solitary confinement hasn’t really been all that bad. ‘You seem quite well adjusted,’ he said.
“I told him that unless he sits in a cell 23 hours a day for forty years, he has no idea what he’s talking about. I said, you want to know what I’m afraid of? I’m afraid I’m going to start screaming and not be able to stop. I’m afraid I’m going to turn into a baby and curl up in a fetal position and lay there like that every day for the rest of my life. I’m afraid I’m going to attack my own body, maybe cut off my balls and throw them through the bars the way I’ve seen others do when they couldn’t take any more.”No television or hobby craft or magazines or any of the other toys you call yourself allowing can ever lessen the nightmare of this hell you help to create and maintain.
“I have been sustained in my struggle by three men. Nelson Mandela taught me that if you have a noble cause, you can bear the weight of the world on your shoulders. Malcolm X taught me that it doesn’t matter where you start out; what matters is where you end up. And George Jackson taught me that if you’re not willing to die for what you believe in, you don’t believe in anything.”
I know you’re only doing your job, Doc. You have your job and I have mine. I am a teacher. And I am living proof that we can survive the worst to change ourselves and our world no matter where we are. I do not want to die in a cell, but if I must to make the lesson clear, then I am willing to do just that.”
Write to Albert:
Albert Woodfox
#72148 David Wade Correctional Center
670 Bell Hill Road
Homer, LA 71040
(17)